Williamsburg Water Quality Report
Explore Williamsburg's drinking-water source, treatment process, 2025 testing results, hardness, lead and copper data, disinfection byproducts, PFAS monitoring, and the city's official 2025 Water Quality Report.
What the Latest Williamsburg Water Quality Report Covers
Williamsburg's 2025 report presents test results and analyses from calendar year 2025. It explains the city's source water, treatment process, regulated substances, secondary and unregulated monitoring, lead and copper results, disinfection byproducts, hardness, sodium, and PFAS monitoring.
City conclusion: Williamsburg reports that its 2025 test results were in compliance with all Virginia Department of Health and EPA regulations covered by the report, with no state or federal violations.
Where Williamsburg Tap Water Comes From
Waller Mill Reservoir is Williamsburg's main municipal water source. The 350-acre lake holds about 1.5 billion gallons and has served the city since 1945. During drought, the source may be supplemented by groundwater from a well at Waller Mill Park and raw water available from Newport News Waterworks under a long-term agreement.
Treatment at the Williamsburg Water Treatment Plant
The city's treatment process uses several steps to address particles, microorganisms, metals, taste and odor, and corrosion before finished water enters the distribution system.
Coagulation & Filtration
Aluminum sulfate coagulation and filtration remove turbidity and organisms such as Giardia and Cryptosporidium.
Oxidation & Disinfection
Chlorine dioxide helps oxidize iron and manganese so they can be removed, while chlorine provides additional protection from bacteria and viruses.
Finished-Water Adjustment
Activated carbon helps control taste and odor. Fluoride is added for dental health, and pH adjustment plus a corrosion inhibitor help protect water mains and household plumbing.
View the 2025 Williamsburg Water Quality Report
The embedded document below is the City of Williamsburg 2025 Water Quality Report, covering test results and analyses from calendar year 2025.
Highlights From Williamsburg's Official Water-Quality Data
The table below summarizes selected results from Williamsburg's 2025 report. The complete PDF includes the full monitoring table, measured ranges, definitions, footnotes and regulatory context.
| Substance or Measure | Williamsburg Reported Result | Standard or Context | Report Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fluoride | 0.65 ppm | MCL 4 ppm | Below MCL |
| Chlorine | 1.4 ppm | MRDL 4 ppm | Below MRDL |
| Total Trihalomethanes (TTHM) | 71 ppb | MCL 80 ppb | Below MCL |
| Haloacetic Acids (HAA5) | 41 ppb | MCL 60 ppb | Below MCL |
| Chlorite | 0.25 ppm | MCL 1.0 ppm | Below MCL |
| Lead (8/2023) | 90th percentile 1.93 ppb | Action level 15 ppb | All samples below action level |
| Copper (8/2023) | 90th percentile 0.138 ppm | Action level 1.3 ppm | All samples below action level |
| Hardness | 119 ppm / 7 GPG | No federal MCL for hardness | City classifies as moderately hard |
Lead and copper results shown in the 2025 report are from August 2023. Williamsburg states that the next scheduled lead and copper testing year is 2026.
Williamsburg's 2025 PFAS Result Was Not Detected
Williamsburg's report lists “All PFAS tested” on December 9, 2025 as ND, or not detected, with both the reported level and range shown as ND. In the report glossary, ND means the amount was below analytical reporting limits; it does not mean absolute zero.
| PFAS Monitoring Entry | Date Tested | Unit | Reported Level | Reported Range |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All PFAS tested | 12/9/2025 | ppt | ND | ND |
PFAS regulation update: Williamsburg's report includes federal PFAS rule information that was last updated January 31, 2025. EPA announced proposed PFAS rule changes in May 2026. Those proposals do not change Williamsburg's measured December 2025 result shown above, but federal implementation details may change as EPA completes rulemaking.
What Else Stands Out in Williamsburg's 2025 Report?
pH
The July 15, 2025 secondary and unregulated monitoring table lists pH at 7.92.
Sodium
The city lists sodium at 23 ppm and includes separate dietary context for people who restrict sodium intake.
Total Dissolved Solids
The July 15, 2025 monitoring table lists total dissolved solids at 117 ppm, compared with a secondary level of 500 ppm.
Disinfection byproducts were detected within the report's regulatory limits
The report lists TTHM at 71 ppb with a range of 33–94 ppb and HAA5 at 41 ppb with a range of 25–51 ppb. The listed MCLs are 80 ppb for TTHM and 60 ppb for HAA5. Compliance determinations use the regulatory calculation required for each contaminant; individual measured values in a range should not be interpreted by themselves as a violation.
What the Williamsburg Water Quality Report Does—and Does Not—Tell You
The city's annual report explains Williamsburg's municipal source water, treatment, monitoring and regulatory results. It does not provide a complete diagnosis of water at every individual property.
What the Report Tells You
- Where Williamsburg's municipal drinking water comes from.
- How the city treats and disinfects the public water supply.
- Which regulated and selected unregulated substances were reported.
- How selected results compare with regulatory limits and action levels.
- City-wide information about hardness, sodium, lead, copper, PFAS and disinfection byproducts.
What It May Not Tell You About Your Home
- Conditions caused by an individual service line, household plumbing or fixtures.
- How water tastes, smells or feels at a particular property.
- Whether additional treatment fits a household's drinking-water or whole-home goals.
- What is present in a private well, which is separate from Williamsburg's municipal supply.
- Whether specialized laboratory testing is needed for a specific contaminant concern.
Explore Local Water Treatment Options
Continue with the Williamsburg resource that best matches your household concern or treatment goal.
Water Problems
Review local contaminant information, reported water characteristics and treatment options.
Explore Williamsburg water problems →Reverse Osmosis
Learn about highly filtered drinking and cooking water at a dedicated faucet.
Explore Williamsburg reverse osmosis →Water Conditioners
Explore whole-home treatment options for Williamsburg's reported moderately hard water and other conditioning goals.
Explore Williamsburg Water Conditioners →PFAS Water Filters
Compare PFAS-focused whole-home filtration and reverse-osmosis drinking-water treatment.
Explore Williamsburg PFAS filtration →Well Water Treatment
Learn how private-well treatment starts with the water conditions at the individual property.
Explore Williamsburg well-water treatment →Free Water Test
Schedule an in-home evaluation for common household water concerns and treatment planning.
Schedule a Williamsburg free water test →Williamsburg Water Quality Report FAQs
What year does the Williamsburg 2025 Water Quality Report cover?
The report presents City of Williamsburg test results and analyses from calendar year 2025. Some entries, including the lead and copper results, are from earlier required sampling periods and are dated in the table.
Where does Williamsburg drinking water come from?
Waller Mill Reservoir is the city's main water source. During drought, Williamsburg may supplement that source with groundwater from a well at Waller Mill Park and raw water available from Newport News Waterworks.
Did Williamsburg meet drinking-water regulations in 2025?
Yes. The city states that its 2025 test results were in compliance with all Virginia Department of Health and EPA regulations covered by the report, with no state or federal violations.
Is Williamsburg water hard?
The city reports total hardness of 119 ppm, or 7 grains per gallon, and classifies the municipal supply as moderately hard.
Were PFAS detected in Williamsburg's 2025 testing?
The report lists all PFAS tested on December 9, 2025 as ND, meaning not detected above the analytical reporting limits used for that testing.
Does Williamsburg use chlorine?
Yes. The city says chlorine disinfection provides additional protection from bacteria and viruses. The 2025 table lists chlorine at 1.4 ppm, with a reported range of 0.6–2.0 ppm.
Does the city report describe water inside every Williamsburg home?
No. It describes the municipal system and required monitoring, including some sampling connected with household plumbing such as lead and copper compliance sampling. Conditions at an individual faucet can also be affected by the property's service line, plumbing and fixtures.
Have Questions About Water at Your Williamsburg Home?
Schedule a free in-home water evaluation for common household water concerns and to discuss whether additional water treatment fits your goals.
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